Menene Anthocyanin?

Yanayin Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins suna cikin wani nau'in mahadi da aka sani da flavonoids, waɗanda nau'in polyphenol ne. Su ne launuka masu narkewa cikin ruwa waɗanda ake samu a cikin ramukan ƙwayoyin shuka. Launin anthocyanins ya bambanta dangane da pH na muhalli, tare da launuka ja suna bayyana a cikin yanayin acidic da launuka shuɗi a cikin yanayin alkaline. Wannan halayyar ta musamman tana sa anthocyanins su zama masu mahimmanci a matsayin alamun pH na halitta.
Anthocyanins sun ƙunshi wani tsari na asali da ake kira anthocyanidin, wanda ke haɗe da ƙwayoyin sukari ɗaya ko fiye. Anthocyanidins da aka fi sani sun haɗa da cyanidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin, da malvidina. Ana iya samun waɗannan anthocyanidins a cikin haɗuwa da rabo daban-daban a cikin tushen tsirrai daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da launuka iri-iri da halayen sinadarai.

Tushen Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins suna yaɗuwa sosai a yanayi kuma ana iya samun su a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, da furanni da yawa. Wasu daga cikin mafiya arzikin anthocyanins sun haɗa da 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, da strawberries. Sauran 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar ceri, inabi, da plums suma suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na anthocyanins. Baya ga 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu kamar jan kabeji, albasa ja, da eggplants sune kyawawan tushen waɗannan launuka.
Launin furanni, musamman a launukan ja, shunayya, da shuɗi, galibi yana faruwa ne saboda kasancewar anthocyanins. Misalan furanni masu wadataccen anthocyanins sun haɗa da wardi, pansies, da petunias. Bambancin tushen tsirrai da ke ɗauke da anthocyanins yana ba da damammaki masu yawa don haɗa waɗannan mahadi cikin abincin ɗan adam.

Amfanin Anthocyanins ga Lafiya
An yi bincike mai zurfi kan Anthocyanins saboda fa'idodin da ke tattare da su a fannin lafiya. Waɗannan mahaɗan suna da ƙarfin kaddarorin antioxidant, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kare ƙwayoyin halitta daga lalacewar oxidative da free radicals ke haifarwa. An danganta damuwa ta oxidative da cututtuka daban-daban na yau da kullun, ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da cututtukan neurodegenerative. Ta hanyar rage free radicals, anthocyanins suna ba da gudummawa ga rigakafin waɗannan cututtuka.
Baya ga tasirin antioxidant ɗinsu, an nuna cewa anthocyanins suna da kaddarorin hana kumburi. Kumburi na yau da kullun wani abu ne da aka saba gani a cikin cututtuka da yawa, kuma ikon anthocyanins na rage kumburi na iya yin tasiri mai kyau ga lafiyar gaba ɗaya. Bincike ya kuma nuna cewa anthocyanins na iya tallafawa lafiyar zuciya ta hanyar inganta aikin jijiyoyin jini da rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya.
Bugu da ƙari, an danganta anthocyanins da inganta aikin fahimta da lafiyar kwakwalwa. Bincike ya nuna cewa waɗannan mahadi na iya taimakawa wajen karewa daga raguwar fahimtar da ke da alaƙa da tsufa da cututtukan da ke haifar da jijiyoyi kamar Alzheimer da Parkinson. Tasirin anthocyanins mai yuwuwar kare kwakwalwa ya sa su zama wani yanki mai ban sha'awa na nazari don rigakafi da magance cututtukan jijiyoyi.

Amfani da Anthocyanins Mai Yiwuwa
Amfanin anthocyanins ga lafiyar jiki ya sa aka haɗa su cikin kayayyakin abinci da abin sha daban-daban. Ana amfani da abubuwan da aka samo daga anthocyanin a matsayin masu canza launin abinci na halitta, wanda hakan ke ba da madadin rini na roba. Ana amfani da waɗannan launuka na halitta don haɓaka kyawun samfuran kamar ruwan 'ya'yan itace, yogurts, ice cream, da kayan zaki. Bukatar sinadaran halitta da na tsabta ya haifar da amfani da anthocyanins a masana'antar abinci.

Baya ga amfani da su a matsayin masu canza launin abinci, ana binciken anthocyanins don amfanin su na warkewa. Ana nazarin abubuwan da ke ɗauke da babban adadin anthocyanins don rawar da suke takawa wajen haɓaka abinci mai amfani da kuma ƙarin abinci da nufin inganta lafiya da walwala. Masana'antar magunguna kuma tana binciken yuwuwar anthocyanins wajen haɓaka sabbin magunguna don cututtuka daban-daban.

Bugu da ƙari, masana'antar kwalliya ta nuna sha'awar anthocyanins saboda kaddarorin antioxidant da anti-inflammatory. Ana haɗa waɗannan mahadi a cikin kayayyakin kula da fata don samar da kariya daga abubuwan da ke haifar da damuwa ga muhalli da kuma haɓaka lafiyar fata. Asalin halitta da tasirin amfani na anthocyanins sun sa su zama sinadaran da ke jan hankalin masana'antar kwalliya.

Kammalawa
Anthocyanins launuka ne na halitta da ake samu a cikin nau'ikan tsirrai iri-iri, suna ba da launuka masu haske da fa'idodi da yawa na lafiya. Abubuwan da ke hana kumburi, hana kumburi, da kuma tasirin kariya daga jijiyoyi sun sanya su zama mahadi masu mahimmanci don haɓaka lafiya da walwala gaba ɗaya. Yayin da bincike ke ci gaba da gano yuwuwar amfani da anthocyanins, kasancewarsu a cikin abinci, abin sha, magunguna, da kayayyakin kwalliya na iya faɗaɗa, yana ba wa masu amfani damar samun fa'idodin waɗannan mahadi masu ban mamaki.

Nassoshi:
He, J., Giusti, MM (2010). Anthocyanins: Masu Launi na Halitta tare da Halayen Inganta Lafiya. Bita na Shekara-shekara na Kimiyyar Abinci da Fasaha, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015). Anthocyanins. Ci gaban Abinci Mai Gina Jiki, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Shari'ar Amfani da Anthocyanin don Inganta Lafiyar Dan Adam: Bita. Cikakken Bayani a Kimiyyar Abinci da Tsaron Abinci, 12(5), 483-508.