Labarai - Abin da ke kare jiki daga gubar ganyen Ginkgo!

I. Gabatarwa

Gabatarwa

Menene amfanin lafiyar foda na cire ginkgo biloba (2)

Cirewar ganyen Ginkgowani sinadari ne na halitta da ake cirowa daga ganyen ginkgo. Manyan abubuwan da ke cikinsa sune flavonoids da ginkgo lactones. Wani takamaiman PAF ne (mai kunna platelet, mai kunna platelet) mai hana karɓar ƙwayoyin cuta. Ayyukansa na magani sun haɗa da: inganta zagayawar kwakwalwa da metabolism na ƙwayoyin halitta; ƙara yawan aikin jan jini superoxide dismutase (SOD) da glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), da rage kitsen da aka yi wa membrane na ƙwayoyin halitta (MDA). Samar da sinadarai, tsaftace ƙwayoyin halitta masu rai, hana lalacewar ƙwayoyin zuciya da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jini; zaɓi hana tarin platelet, ƙananan thrombosis, da rikice-rikicen metabolism na lipid da platelet PAF ke haifarwa; inganta zagayawar jini a zuciya da kuma kare ischemic myocardium; Ƙara nakasar ƙwayoyin jini ja, rage danko jini, da kuma kawar da matsalolin microcirculatory; hana haɗa thromboxane (TXA2) da kuma ƙarfafa sakin prostaglandin PGI2 daga ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jini.

Tushen Shuke-shuke

Ginkgo biloba ganyen Ginkgo biloba L. ne, wani shuka na dangin Ginkgo. Cirewar sa (EGB) yana da nau'ikan ayyukan kiwon lafiya iri-iri kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a abinci da kayan kwalliya. Sinadarin sinadarai na ganyen Ginkgo yana da matukar rikitarwa, tare da fiye da mahadi 140 da aka ware daga gare shi. Flavonoids da lactones terpene sune manyan sinadaran guda biyu masu aiki na ganyen Ginkgo. Bugu da ƙari, yana kuma ɗauke da polyprenol, acid na halitta, polysaccharides, amino acid, phenols, da abubuwan da aka gano. A cewar ƙididdiga marasa cikakke, cirewar ganyen ginkgo ta duniya ta yanzu ita ce EGb761 da aka samar bisa ga tsarin mallakar Schwabe na Jamus. Yana bayyana a matsayin foda mai launin ruwan kasa-rawaya kuma yana da ɗan ƙamshi na ganyen ginkgo. Sinadarin sinadarai shine 24% flavonoids, 6% terpene lactones, ƙasa da 0.0005% ginkgo acid, 7.0% proanthocyanidins, 13.0% carboxylic acid, 2.0% catechins, 20% non-flavonoid glycosides, da kuma 4.0 polymer mahadi. %, inorganic matter 5.0%, danshi mai narkewa 3.0%, wasu 3.0%.

Halaye da Tsarin Antioxidant

Cire ganyen Ginkgo zai iya kawar da radicals masu ɗauke da lipid kai tsaye, radicals masu ɗauke da alkane ... dauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu dauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu dauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu dauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu dauke da alkane masu ɗauke da alkane masu ɗauke

Tasirin hana tsufa na ruwan ginkgo da aka fitar ta hanyoyi daban-daban ya bambanta, kuma tasirin hana tsufa na ruwan da aka fitar da shi da kayayyakin da aka tace suma sun bambanta. Ma Xihan et al. sun gano cewa ruwan ether-ethanol na mai yana da mafi ƙarfin tasirin hana tsufa akan man rapeseed idan aka kwatanta da ruwan ganyen Ginkgo da aka samu ta hanyoyin shiri daban-daban. Ƙarfin hana tsufa na ruwan ganyen Ginkgo ya ɗan fi na ruwan da aka tace. Wannan yana iya kasancewa saboda ɗanyen. Ruwan ya ƙunshi wasu sinadaran hana tsufa, kamar acid na halitta, amino acid, tannins, alkaloids, da sauran abubuwa waɗanda ke da tasirin haɗin gwiwa.

Hanyar Shiri

(1) Hanyar fitar da sinadarin sinadarai na halitta A halin yanzu, hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita a gida da waje ita ce hanyar fitar da sinadarin sinadarai na halitta. Tunda sauran sinadaran sinadarai na halitta suna da guba ko kuma masu canzawa, ana amfani da ethanol gabaɗaya a matsayin maganin cirewa. Gwaje-gwajen da Zhang Yonghong da wasu suka yi sun nuna cewa mafi kyawun yanayi don cire flavonoids daga ganyen ginkgo shine kashi 70% na ethanol a matsayin maganin cirewa, zafin cirewa shine 90°C, rabon sinadarin sinadarai na halitta shine 1:20, adadin cirewa shine sau 3, kuma kowane lokaci yana sake yin reflux na tsawon awanni 1.5.

(2) Hanyar cire sinadarin enzyme gwaje-gwajen Wang Hui da abokan aikinsa sun nuna cewa yawan flavonoids ya karu sosai bayan an yi wa kayan amfanin gona na ganyen ginkgo magani da cellulase kafin a cire su, kuma yawan amfanin gona zai iya kaiwa kashi 2.01%.

(3) Hanyar cirewa ta ultrasonic Bayan an yi amfani da ultrasonic na ganyen ginkgo, an karya membrane na tantanin halitta, kuma an hanzarta motsin ƙwayoyin ganye, wanda ke haɓaka narkewar sinadaran aiki. Saboda haka, cirewa ta ultrasonic na flavonoids yana da fa'idodi masu yawa. Sakamakon gwaji da Liu Jingzhi da abokan aikinsa suka samu sun nuna cewa yanayin aikin cirewa ta ultrasonic shine: mitar ultrasonic 40kHz, lokacin maganin ultrasonic 55 min, zafin jiki 35°C, kuma yana tsayawa na tsawon awanni 3. A wannan lokacin, ƙimar cirewa shine 81.9%.

Aikace-aikace

Flavonoids da ke cikin ganyen Ginkgo suna da kaddarorin antioxidant kuma ana iya ƙara su a cikin mai da kayan zaki a matsayin antioxidants. Jimlar flavonoids galibi rawaya ne kuma suna da faɗi mai narkewa, duka mai narkewa cikin ruwa da mai narkewa, don haka jimlar flavonoids za a iya amfani da su don yin launi. Ana sarrafa Ginkgo biloba zuwa foda mai kyau sannan a ƙara shi a cikin abinci. Ganyen Ginkgo an niƙa su sosai kuma an ƙara su a cikin kek, biskit, taliya, alewa, da ice cream akan ƙimar 5% zuwa 10% don sarrafa su zuwa abincin ganyen ginkgo tare da tasirin kula da lafiya.
Ana amfani da ganyen Ginkgo a matsayin ƙarin abinci a Kanada kuma an amince da shi a matsayin magani ba tare da takardar likita ba a Jamus da Faransa. Ganyen Ginkgo yana cikin Amurka Pharmacopoeia (bugu na 24) kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman ƙarin abinci a Amurka.

Tasirin Magunguna

1. Tasiri ga tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini
(1) Cirewar ganyen Ginkgo na iya hana aikin enzyme mai canza angiotensin (ACE) a cikin jinin ɗan adam na yau da kullun, ta haka yana hana matsewar jijiyoyin jini, faɗaɗa tasoshin jini, da kuma ƙara yawan kwararar jini.
(2) Cire ganyen Ginkgo zai iya hana raguwar bugun zuciya a cikin beraye maza sakamakon allurar bupivacaine ta jijiya, yana hana matsewar jijiyoyin zuciya a cikin mutane da aladu sakamakon hypoxia, da kuma kawar da PAF (abin da ke kunna platelet) wanda ke haifar da arrhythmia a cikin karnuka. Yana iya hana matsalar zuciya sakamakon rashin lafiyar zuciya a cikin aladu da aka ware.
(3) Cire ganyen Ginkgo zai iya faɗaɗa jijiyoyin jini na kuliyoyi da karnuka da aka yi wa sa barci sosai, ƙara yawan kwararar jini a kwakwalwa, da kuma rage juriya ga jijiyoyin kwakwalwa. Cire ganyen Ginkgo zai iya hana ƙaruwar diamita na microvascular na mesenteric wanda endotoxin na jijiya ke haifarwa. A cikin samfurin endotoxin na karnuka, cirewar Ginkgo biloba yana hana canje-canjen hemodynamic; a cikin samfurin huhu na tumaki, cirewar Ginkgo biloba yana hana hauhawar jini da kumburin huhu wanda matsalar kwararar lymphatic ke haifarwa wanda endotoxin ke haifarwa.
(4) An yi wa beraye allurar flavonoids na ganyen ginkgo guda 5ml/kg a cikin mahaifa kowace rana. Bayan kwana 40, yawan sinadarin triglyceride a cikin jini ya ragu sosai. An ba wa zomaye ruwan Ginkgo biloba (20 mg/kg a kowace rana) baki a baki, bayan wata guda, matakan cholesterol mai yawan esterified a cikin jini da aorta na zomaye da suka sami abinci mai gina jiki ya ragu sosai. Duk da haka, matakan cholesterol marasa lahani ba su canza ba.
(5) Ginkgo terpene lactone wani sinadari ne mai toshewar PAF musamman. Cire ganyen Ginkgo ko ginkgo terpene lactone na iya hana platelet-activating factor (PAF) da cyclooxygenase ko lipoxygenase. An jure ruwan ganyen Ginkgo sosai kuma an hana tarin platelet da PAF ta haifar amma bai shafi tarin da ADP ta haifar ba.

2. Tasiri ga tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya
(1) Cirewar ganyen Ginkgo yana shafar tsarin endocrine da hulɗar da ke tsakanin tsarin garkuwar jiki da tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya ta hanyar hana aikin PAF. Yana iya haɓaka metabolism na zagayawar jini a kwakwalwa da kuma inganta aikin ƙwaƙwalwa.
(2) Ginkgo terpene lactones suna da tasirin rage damuwa, kuma tasirin rage damuwa yana da alaƙa da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya na monoaminergic.
(3) Baya ga gaskiyar cewa cirewar ganyen Ginkgo na iya inganta yanayin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai ƙarancin nakasa wanda NaNO2 ke haifarwa, tasirinsa na hana hypoxic na iya dangantawa da ƙaruwar kwararar jinin kwakwalwa da inganta metabolism na makamashin kwakwalwa yayin hypoxia.
(4) Cire ganyen Ginkgo yana inganta yanayin halayyar kwakwalwa na gerbils wanda ke faruwa sakamakon haɗuwa da sake zagayawa na jijiyoyin carotid guda biyu kuma yana hana lalacewar kwakwalwa a cikin gerbils wanda ischemia da cunkoso ke haifarwa; yana haɓaka aikin karnuka bayan ischemia na kwakwalwa mai yawan focal. Farfadowa da wuri na jijiyoyi da rage lalacewar jijiyoyi bayan ischemia a cikin hippocampus na kwakwalwar gerbil; yana rage asarar ATP, AMP, creatine da creatine phosphate a cikin kwakwalwar ischemic na karen mongrel. Ginkgo biloba lactone B yana da amfani wajen maganin bugun jini.

3. Tasiri ga tsarin narkewar abinci
(1) Cirewar ganyen Ginkgo na iya inganta gyambon ciki da hanji a cikin beraye da PAF da endotoxin ke haifarwa, kuma yana iya hana lalacewar ciki da ethanol ke haifarwa.
(2) A cikin beraye masu fama da cutar hanta wadda ta samo asali daga toshewar bututun bile, allurar ganyen ginkgo a cikin jijiya ta rage matsin lamba a cikin hanyar hanta, yawan bugun zuciya, kwararar jini a rassan jijiyoyin portal, da kuma inganta juriyar jijiyoyin jini idan aka kwatanta da placebo. Wannan yana nuna cewa cirewar ganyen ginkgo yana da yuwuwar tasirin magani akan cirrhosis na hanta. Yana iya toshe samuwar radicals marasa iskar oxygen a cikin ciwon pancreatitis na linzamin kwamfuta wanda cholecystokinin ke haifarwa. Ginkgo terpene lactone B na iya taka rawa wajen magance ciwon pancreatitis mai tsanani.

4. Tasiri ga tsarin numfashi
(1) Cirewar ethanol daga Ginkgo biloba yana da tasiri kai tsaye ga tsoka mai santsi a cikin trachea kuma yana iya rage tasirin histamine phosphate da acetylcholine akan trachea da aka keɓe na aladu, da kuma hana hare-haren asma da histamine ke haifarwa a cikin aladu.
(2) Allurar cire ganyen Ginkgo ta hanyar jijiya na iya hana toshewar bronchostriction da kuma yawan amsawar beraye da PAF da ovalbumin ke haifarwa, da kuma hana toshewar bronchostriction da antigens ke haifarwa, amma ba ya shafar yawan amsawar bronchorgical da indomethacin ke haifarwa.
(3) Shaƙar ganyen Ginkgo da aka yi da iska ba wai kawai yana hana toshewar broncho ba ne, har ma yana hana raguwar ƙwayoyin jinin fari da eosinophils da PAF ke haifarwa. Cire ganyen Ginkgo yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen hanawa da kuma magance yawan amsawar broncho.

5. Tasirin hana tsufa
Ginkgobiflavonoids, isoginkgobiflavonoids, ginkgo biloba, da quercetin a cikin ganyen ginkgo duk suna hana lipid peroxidation, musamman tunda quercetin yana da ƙarfin hana aiki. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje akan beraye kuma an gano cewa flavonoids na ganyen ginkgo da aka cire da ruwa (0.95mg/ml) na iya rage lipid peroxidation sosai, kuma flavonoids na ganyen ginkgo da aka cire da acid (1.9mg/ml) na iya ƙara yawan aikin jan ƙarfe da zinc a cikin jini da kuma rage tasirin danko na jini yayin da ake rage aikin SGPT.

7. Matsayi a cikin ƙin dashen da kuma sauran halayen garkuwar jiki
Cire ganyen Ginkgo na iya tsawaita lokacin rayuwa na dashen fata, heterotopic heart xenografts, da orthotopic hanta xenografts. Cire ganyen Ginkgo na iya hana aikin ƙwayoyin kashe ƙwayoyin halitta na jiki akan ƙwayoyin da ake nufi da KC526, kuma yana iya hana aikin ƙwayoyin kashe ƙwayoyin halitta da interferon ke haifarwa.

8. Tasirin hana ƙari
Danyen ganyen kore na Ginkgo biloba, ɓangaren da ke narkewar mai, zai iya hana ƙwayar cutar Epstein-Barr. Heptadecene salicylic acid da bilo-betin suna da ƙarfin hanawa; jimlar flavonoids na Ginkgo na iya ƙara nauyin thymus na beraye masu ɗauke da ƙari. da matakan aikin SOD, suna motsa ikon hana ƙari na jiki; quercetin da myricetin na iya hana faruwar cutar kansa.

Bayani da Hana Amfani

Mummunan sakamakon ruwan ganyen Ginkgo: A wasu lokutan rashin jin daɗi a cikin hanji, kamar rashin abinci mai gina jiki, tashin zuciya, maƙarƙashiya, rashin bayan gida, kumburin ciki, da sauransu; akwai kuma yiwuwar ƙaruwar bugun zuciya, gajiya, da sauransu, amma waɗannan ba sa shafar maganin. Bayan shan magani na dogon lokaci, ya kamata a riƙa duba alamun rheology na jini akai-akai. Idan kuna da alamun ciki, za ku iya sha bayan cin abinci.

Hulɗar Magunguna

Wannan samfurin yana da tasirin haɗin gwiwa idan aka yi amfani da shi tare da wasu magunguna masu rage danko a jini, kamar sodium alginate diester, acetate, da sauransu, waɗanda zasu iya inganta inganci.

Yanayin Ci Gaba

Ganyen Ginkgo yana ɗauke da ƙaramin adadin proanthocyanidins da urushiolic acid, waɗanda har yanzu suna da guba ga jikin ɗan adam. Lokacin da ganyen ginkgo a matsayin kayan da aka sarrafa don sarrafa abinci, ana buƙatar magani na musamman don rage yawan sinadarin proanthocyanidins da urushiolic acid. Duk da haka, a cikin adadin da ake amfani da shi a yanzu, babu wani guba mai tsanani ko na yau da kullun kuma babu wani tasirin teratogenic. Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta amince da cirewar Ginkgo biloba a matsayin sabon ƙari na abinci a cikin 1992. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da jimillar flavonoids na Ginkgo biloba sosai a masana'antar abinci, kuma bincike da haɓaka Ginkgo biloba yana da fa'idodi masu yawa.